Energy management of fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid power source for vehicle applications |
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Authors: | Phatiphat Thounthong Stephane Raël |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518, Piboolsongkram Road, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand b Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Electronique de Nancy (GREEN: UMR 7037), CNRS, Nancy Université, INPL-ENSEM 2, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, Vandœuvre-lés-Nancy, Lorraine 54516, France |
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Abstract: | This paper proposes a perfect energy source supplied by a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as a main power source and storage devices: battery and supercapacitor, for modern distributed generation system, particularly for future fuel cell vehicle applications. The energy in hybrid system is balanced by the dc bus voltage regulation. A supercapacitor module, as a high dynamic and high power density device, functions for supplying energy to regulate a dc bus voltage. A battery module, as a high energy density device, operates for supplying energy to a supercapacitor bank to keep it charged. A FC, as a slowest dynamic source in this system, functions to supply energy to a battery bank in order to keep it charged. Therefore, there are three voltage control loops: dc bus voltage regulated by a supercapacitor bank, supercapacitor voltage regulated by a battery bank, and battery voltage regulated by a FC. To authenticate the proposed control algorithm, a hardware system in our laboratory is realized by analog circuits and numerical calculation by dSPACE. Experimental results with small-scale devices (a PEMFC: 500-W, 50-A; a battery bank: 68-Ah, 24-V; and a supercapacitor bank: 292-F, 30-V, 500-A) corroborate the excellent control principle during motor drive cycle. |
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Keywords: | Battery Converters Current control Electric vehicles Fuel cells Supercapacitor |
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