浙江省对美投资民营企业的时空格局演变及其影响因素

基于中国规模以上工业企业数据，运用标准差椭圆、平均最邻近分析和核密度估计等多种空间统计方法，对2006,2009,2012和2015年浙江省对美投资民营企业空间分异格局进行测度，并运用地理探测器分析影响民营企业空间分布的地理因子。结果表明：（1）浙江省对美投资的民营企业呈沿标准差椭圆长轴方向集聚和沿短轴方向扩散分布，分布中心呈向西北方移动的态势，且中心始终处于绍兴市境内；（2）最邻近指数一直在减小，企业空间布局集聚特征逐渐加强；（3）高密度核心区主要分布在浙江东北部经济发达区域，以杭州市区、宁波市区、“慈溪-余姚”为核心集中分布，其次是温州市区，其余经济相对落后区域分布较少；（4）浙江省对美投资民营企业空间布局的影响因素呈现从单一因素主导向多因素共同作用的格局，经济发展水平、技术创新能力和外商直接投资水平是影响力最大的因素。

The spatio-temporal distribution pattern of Zhejiang private enterprises invested in the United States and its formation mechanism

Based on the data of China's industrial enterprises above the designated size, this study adopts several spatial statistics methods, such as the standard deviation ellipse, average nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation to measure the spatial distribution pattern of private enterprises investing in the United States in Zhejiang province in 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 and applies the geographic probe to analyze the geographical factors which affect the spatial distribution of these enterprises. The results show that the location of these private enterprises agglomerate along the long axis of the standard deviation ellipse and diffuse along the short axis, while the distribution center is always moving to the northwest, and always in Shaoxing city; the nearest neighbor index of these enterprises is continuously reduced; the high-density region is mainly distributed in the developed region in the northeast of Zhejiang province, and is centrally distributed with Hangzhou urban area, Ningbo urban area and "Cixi - Yuyao" as the core, followed by the urban area of Wenzhou, while a few private enterprises is distributed in the rest of the economically less developed area; The factors influencing the spatial distribution of these enterprises turn gradually from a single factor to multiple factors, among them, the economic development level, technological innovation capability and foreign direct investment are factors which have the strongest influence.