旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间的理论框架及研究展望

城市群“乡土—生态”空间是国土空间的重要组成部分和城市群空间的有机组成部分,是城市群优化城乡空间结构、维持传统人文活动、传承地域历史文化、维系生态系统健康的战略空间。关注旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间的过程、格局和机制对满足国家战略需求和旅游地理学科建设具有重要意义。系统梳理城市群空间、旅游发展影响、城市群“乡土—生态”空间基本属性等研究领域的相关成果,发现已有研究对城市群内部及周边的边缘地带关注不足,有待进一步探索和诠释新的功能地域空间;对旅游显著影响中国经济社会空间的事实关注不够,有待进一步强化旅游助推中国现代化经济体系建设、生态文明建设、优秀传统文化传承创新的典型“空间性”研究;对城市群“乡土—生态”空间的利用方式关注较少,有待进一步开展城乡空间利用和城乡关系演变研究。研究认为,以旅游作为新的产业路径、新的利用方式科学引导主体功能区规划落地,推动城市群“乡土—生态”空间转型升级,发挥旅游在城市群空间结构优化和城市群可持续发展过程中的作用是探索国土整治与国土空间优化中国特色道路的重要举措。在构建旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间的“三阶段”理论假说的基础上,指出未来应该重点开展的研究内容：遵循“过程—格局—机制—效应”的研究路线,探讨旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间的实践路径,提出旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间的政策保障体系研究的技术路径,探索旅游建构城市群“乡土—生态”空间在不同尺度空间上的一般特征和规律。

Theoretical framework and research prospect of "ruralism-ecology" space of urban agglomeration constructed by tourism

"Ruralism-ecology" space of urban agglomeration (RESUA) is an important part of land space and an organic part of urban agglomeration space. It is also a strategic space for urban agglomeration to optimize the spatial structure of urban and rural areas, maintain traditional human activities, inherit regional history and culture and maintain a healthy ecosystem. It is of great significance to focus on the process, pattern and mechanism of RESUA constructed by tourism so as to meet the national strategic needs and the disciplinary construction of tourism geography. This paper systematically sorts out the relevant literatures on urban agglomeration space, tourism development impact and essential attribute of RESUA. We find that there are some deficiencies in existing research. First, the existing research focuses less attention on the marginal zone in and around urban agglomeration. Therefore, it is necessary to explore and define the new functional geographical space. Second, the existing research focuses less attention on the fact that tourism significantly affects China's economic and social space as well. Thus, it is requisite to reinforce the typical spatiality study of China's modern economic system construction, ecological civilization construction and excellent traditional cultural inheritance and innovation promoted by tourism. Third, the existing research focuses less attention on the utilization method of RESUA. So it is essential to enhance research on urban-rural space utilization and urban-rural relationship evolution. This paper suggests that tourism, as a new industrial path and new utilization method, scientifically guides the implementation of the main function-oriented zoning, and promotes the transformation and upgrading of RESUA. Therefore, exerting the influence of tourism in the spatial structure optimization of urban agglomeration and the sustainable development of urban agglomeration is a major measure to explore the path with Chinese characteristics of national land renovation and space optimization. On the basis of establishing the "three-stage" theory hypothesis of RESUA constructed by tourism, the future research can be conducted in the following aspects. First, it is required for researchers to follow the research route of "process-pattern-mechanism-effect" and explore the practical path of RESUA constructed by tourism. Second, researchers should propose a technological path to study the policy security system of RESUA constructed by tourism. Third, the general characteristics and laws of RESUA constructed by tourism should be explored in different scales.