广州、深圳市流动人口生殖健康服务利用现状分析

目的 了解广州市8个城区和深圳市6个城区流动人口生殖健康服务利用现状。方法 采用匿名问卷的方式对广州和深圳二市14个区的4365名15～45岁流动人口的生殖健康服务利用相关问题进行横断面调查。结果 获取有效问卷4332份。流动人口平均年龄28.81岁,以30岁以下人群居多;文化程度以初中文化为主(50.55%),总体上未婚流动人口文化程度高于已婚流动人口(P<0.05);二市外来人口的来源地主要以广东本省和湖南省为主;52.8%的流动人口得到计划生育机构提供的生殖健康知识服务;对免费提供避孕知识的场所已婚人群知晓率为67.4%,未婚人群为34.2%(P<0.05);对免费提供避孕药具服务场所已婚人群知晓率为65.2%,未婚人群为31.7%(P<0.05);对免费提供生殖健康检查场所已婚人群知晓率为68.0%,未婚人群为29.7%(P<0.05);女性流动人口中有60.3%得到过计划生育服务机构或计划生育部门组织的免费生殖健康检查,2.1%得到收费生殖健康检查,37.9%从未得到过检查;5.8%的人得到五项生殖健康检查服务,94.2%的人仅得到部分项目服务。结论 流动人口对生殖健康服务利用不高,提示各级机构要进一步加强对生殖健康知识宣传的覆盖面和服务项目的落实。

Analysis about utilization of reproductive health services for floating population in Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City

Objective To understand the current situation about utilization of reproductive health service for the floating population in eight districts of Guangzhou City and six districts of Shenzhen City. Methods About 4 365 floating persons with the age of 15 - 45 in fourteen districts of Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City were made a cross - sectional study in the form of anonymous questionnaire to on questions relevant to the utilization of the reproductive health services. Results Totally 4 332 valid questionnaires had been collected. The average age of the floating population was 28. 81 - y and most of them were younger than 30 - y. They were majody with junior high school education level （50. 55% ）, generally unmarried floating population＇s educational level was higher than that of married floating population（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The non - natives of the two cities mostly came from Guangdong Province and Hunan Province. About 52. 8% floating population gained productive health knowledge service from family planning organizations and 47.2% of them had not gained the knowledge service from family planning organizations. About 67.4% married population and 34. 2% unmarried population （P 〈 0. 05 ） knew places providing contraception knowledge for free. About 65.2% married population and 31.7% unmarried population （ P 〈 0. 05 ） knew places providing contraception medicines and tools for free,68.0% married population and 29.7% unmarried population （ P 〈 0. 05 ） knew places providing reproductive health examination for free. Among the female floating population, 60. 3% had gained free reproductive health examination organized by family planning organizations or authorities, 2. 1% had gained the service with charges,37. 9% had never gained the service. Only 5.8% had gained the service of all the five observation items, while other 94. 2% had only gained part of them. Conclusion Floating population＇ s utilization ratio of reproductive health services is low, thus relevant organizations should improve the publicity of reproductive health knowledge and implement of the service items.