福建省3种养殖鱼食用健康风险评估

为评估福建省3种养殖鱼类富集环境、饲料中污染物而产生的食用健康风险,对沿海养殖石斑鱼(Epinephelinae)、双斑东方鲀(Takifugu bimaculatus)及大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)体内主要持久性污染物:无机砷、甲基汞、铅、镉、铜、多环芳烃、多氯联苯、六六六和滴滴涕进行检测。计算各污染物的暴露边界值(MOE)和总致癌风险指数(RTC),评估3种养殖鱼的食用健康风险状况。并通过相关性分析,探讨污染源与鱼体富集污染物之间的相关性。结果表明,各污染物的平均暴露边界值在2.53×10^-6~0.136之间,小于1的限量值;平均总致癌风险指数在2.17×10^-5~2.83×10^-5之间,未超过可接受风险水平10^-4,证明福建养殖的石斑鱼、双斑东方鲀及大黄鱼食用健康风险在可接受范围内。通过比较鱼体内各种污染物的健康风险值及分析主要风险因子的分布与变化特征可知,福建沿海3种养殖鱼类主要食用健康风险因子为甲基汞、多氯联苯和多环芳烃。除饲料中汞含量与鱼体内汞浓度表现出一定相关性外,各主要风险因子在污染源中的含量与鱼体内的浓度均无显著相关性。因此食用健康风险评估有助于引导民众树立正确消费理念、指导水产养殖安全生产。

Health risk assessment of three farmed fishes at Fujian province in China

The contaminants from habitat environment and feed can be enriched in mariculture fish.In order to assess these health riskes,Epinephelinae,Takifugu bimaculatus and Larimichthys crocea from the coast of Fujian province in China were collected,and the concentrations of persistent contaminants including inorganic arsenic,methylmercury,Pb,Cd,Cu,PAHs,PCBs,HCB and DDT were detected respectively.The margin of exposure(MOE),total carcinogenic risk index(RTC)of the main contaminants,as well as the correlation of contaminants between fish and pollution sources were also calculated.The results showed that average MOE of contaminants were between 2.53×10^-6~0.136 that was less than the limit value of 1,and average RTC were between 2.17×10^-5~2.83×10^-5 that was less than the maximum acceptable risk level of 10^-4.Therefore,the health risk of the three farmed fishes were acceptable.From the health risk values of contaminants,the distribution and variation features of main risk factors were discussed.The primary health risk factors of the three farmed fishes from the coast of Fujian province in China were methylmercury,PCBs and PAHs.Except the correlation of mercury content between in feed and in fish,there was no significant correlation of major risk factor contents between in the pollution sources and in fish.This health risk assessment can help people establish the correct consumption concept,which contribute to the safe aquaculture product。