应用头皮针行新生儿静脉抽血不同穿刺部位的临床研究

目的 探讨头皮针行新生儿静脉抽血最佳穿刺部位,以期提高采血成功率.方法 选择我院新生儿病房采集血标本对象400例.按穿刺部位随机分为4组,包括头皮静脉110例、颈外静脉75例、股静脉120例、四肢浅静脉95例,在留取血标本时对采血成功率、有无并发症发生等方面进行比较,分析使用效果.结果 4组患儿采血成功率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),采用头皮静脉针行新生儿股静脉抽血.其采血成功率高达90.8%;而并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义(P=0.958).结论 采用头皮静脉针行新生儿股静脉抽血,其血流丰富、可采血量大,在同等采血量的情况下所需时间短,定位准确,穿刺成功率高;行头皮静脉、四肢浅静脉抽血,多发生采血量不足而影响采血成功率;颈外静脉采血操作难度大,存在一定的危险性,如不慎或操作不当易发生意外.因此,采用头皮静脉针行新生儿静脉抽血首选股静脉.

Clinical research of applying scalp acupuncture to different puncture positions of newborn's vein haemospasia

Objective To explore the best puncture position when applying scalp acupuncture to newbern's vein haemospasia,so as to raise the achievement ratio,Methods A total of 400 blood specimen collections of newborn nursery were selected.According to different puncture position,they were randomly divided into scalp vein group (n=110),external jugular vein group (n=75),femoral vein group (n=120) and extremities superficial vein group (n=95).The success rate,complication ratio and so on the effects were analyzed.Results There were significant differences between the four groups on success rote (P<0.01).The success rate of femoral vein group was 90.8%.And there were no significant differences on complication ratio (P=0.958).Conclusions Applying scalp acupuncture to newborn's femoral vein haemospasia,its bloodstream is rich,it need a shorter time to draw the Same volume blood,accurate allocation and the success rate is higher.Scalp vein and extremities superficial vein hanmospasia may unable to draw the adequate blood and then affect the success rate.External jugular vein haemospasia is more difficult and dangerous.So apply scalp acupuncture to vein puncture, femoral vein is in the first place.