珠江三角洲气溶胶中有机污染及控制对策

珠江三角洲5个主要城市和地区,气溶胶中类脂质产率为1.50~61.04μg/m3,广州市秋季气溶胶类脂质产率最高(平均36.85μg/m3),澳门次之,香港春季较广州春季类脂质产率稍低,而深圳夏季比广州夏季高,珠海冬季最低。区内气溶胶中检出80多种多环芳烃(PAH),优先控制PAH的浓度为1.32~228.56ng/m3,分布规律基本同类脂质产率,但是澳门和香港的优控PAH浓度较低,分别为9.02~40.52ng/m3和0.68~14.88ng/m3。与国外一些城市对比,区内有机污染比较严重,主要来自汽车尾气排放。控制有机污染的最重要的途径是给机动车安装催化净化装置和建立相应的法律。 

Organic Pollution in Aerosols from the Pearl River Delta and Its Control Countermeasure

Lipid yields in aerosols from five major cities and districts of the Pearl River Delta were from 1.50 to 61.04 μg/m3.Those from Guangzhou in autumn were highest (36.85 μg/m3 in average), those from Macao comes second; in spring lipid yields from Hongkong were lower than that from Guangzhou; and in summer lipid yields from Shenzhen were higher than that from Guangzhou; in winter lipid yields from Zhuhai were lowest. More than 80 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were identified and analyzed; the concentration of preceding controlled PAH were from 1.32 to 228.56 ng/m3; their distribution pattern was similar to that of lipid yields except Macao and Hongkong with lower concentration (9.02~40.52 ng/m3 and 0.68~14.88 ng/m3, respectively). Organic pollution mainly originated from vehicle exhaust in this area is more serious than that in some foreign cities. The most important wayto control the organic pollution is to have vehicles equipped with catalytic purifiers and to make relevant regulations.