3D打印成型工艺及其应用研究

从增材制造的实现原理出发，分析了当前几种主流三维（3D）成型工艺的技术特点、设备原理及实现流程。以工业级3D打印机为研究平台，将熔融沉积成型（FDM）工艺应用于复杂型腔结构和传动组件结构的快速成型，通过3D建模、数据转化、切片处理、工艺参数选择、模型包计算及工艺后处理等一系列环节的实践探索，明确了FDM成型工艺的技术原理与应用流程，并成功制作了丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）材质的3D打印模型。结果表明，复杂型腔零件切片厚度为0.254 mm、传动组件切片厚度为0.178 mm时，3D成型件具有理想的工艺精度和打印效率。

Study of Molding Process and Application of 3D Printing Technology

This article analyzed the current technical feature, equipment principle and implementation process of several mainstream 3D-printing technologies, which was started from the principle of additive manufacturing(AM). Based on the industrial-scale 3D printer (Dimension Elite) as a research platform, a deposition modeling (FDM) process was adopted for the rapid prototyping of parts with complicated cavity and transmission-component structures. Through a series of practical exploration for 3D modeling, data conversion, slicing process, process parameter selection, model package calculation and post processing etc., the technical principle and application procedure of FDM molding process were confirmed. The 3D-printed models were fabricated successfully by using ABS resin. The results indicated that the 3D-molded parts achieved optimum precision and printing efficiency when the slice thickness of complicated cavity parts and transmission components were set to 0.254 and 0.178 mm, respectively.