基于目标级联分析的输配电网黑启动分布式协同优化方法

协调优化大停电后输、配电网的恢复进程,充分发挥分布式电源的黑启动价值,可加快系统恢复速度,减小停电损失。考虑完整时间尺度下的黑启动过程,文中提出了一种输配电网黑启动分布式协同优化方法。首先,以最小化停电损失为目标建立了输配全局电网黑启动优化模型,利用经济手段量化黑启动方案的恢复效果。然后,基于目标级联分析将其分解为输电网黑启动优化子问题和各配电网黑启动优化子问题,子问题建模采用混合整数二次规划模型,计及了黑启动各时步电网不同元件的恢复操作。输、配电网控制中心仅需交换各时步的边界功率等少量信息就可进行分布式协调,进而得到输配协同的黑启动方案。最后,输配全局电网算例分析表明所提方法可有效协调输、配电网的恢复资源与进程,减小停电损失。

Distributed Coordinated Optimization Method for Black-start of Transmission and Distribution Networks Based on Analytical Target Cascading

By coordinating and optimizing the restoration process of transmission and distribution networks after a large blackout, and taking full advantage of the value of distributed generators (DGs) for black-start, the restoration speed of the power system can be accelerated, and the outage cost can be reduced. Considering the black-start process on the full time scale, this paper proposes a distributed coordinated optimization method for black-start of transmission and distribution networks. Firstly, a black-start optimization model of overall transmission-distribution networks is established to minimize outage costs, and the restoration effect of the black-start scheme is quantified by economic means. Secondly, based on analytical target cascading (ATC), the black-start optimization model is decomposed into the black-start optimization sub-problem of transmission networks and several black-start optimization sub-problems of distribution networks. The mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) is used for sub-problem modeling. The models take into account the restoration operations of different grid components at each black-start time step. The transmission control center (TCC) and distribution control centers (DCCs) only need to exchange partial information such as the boundary power at each time step for distributed coordination, so as to obtain the coordinated black-start scheme for transmission and distribution networks. Finally, the case of overall transmission and distribution networks shows that the proposed method can effectively coordinate the restoration resources and processes of transmission and distribution networks, and reduce the outage cost.