不同装药结构爆破掘进时巷道围岩损伤规律分析

为应对煤矿巷道耦合连续装药爆破掘进时围岩损伤较大的问题，通过理论分析，得出有限长柱状装药爆破时岩石的损伤范围计算公式。利用LS- DYNA数值软件，对不同柱状装药结构爆破时的围岩损伤规律进行研究。结果表明：耦合连续柱状装药时，槽腔半径和炮孔周围围岩的损伤半径最大，分别为81mm和311mm。不耦合不连续柱状装药时，槽腔半径和裂纹长度最小，分别为41mm和200mm。在裂隙区内，距炮孔壁距离120mm的测点，采用不耦合不连续柱状装药时的损伤因子为0.194，分别为耦合连续、耦合不连续和不耦合连续装药的42%、50%和53%。综上，煤矿泥质粉砂岩巷道爆破掘进时，采用不耦合不连续柱状装药既能充分利用爆破时的能量，又能降低爆破荷载对巷道围岩的损伤。

Analysis of Roadway Surrounding Rock Damage Laws During Blasting and Driving with Different Charge Structures

In order to deal with the problem of large damage to surrounding rock during blasting and driving of coal mine roadway coupled with continuous charge, through theoretical analysis, a calculation formula for the damage range of rock during blasting of finite-length columnar charge is obtained. Using LS-DYNA numerical software, the damage law of surrounding rock during blasting of different cylindrical charge structures was studied. The results show that when the continuous cylindrical charge is coupled, the radius of the cavity and the surrounding rock around the blast hole have the largest damage radius, 81mm and 311mm, respectively. When the discontinuous cylindrical charge is not coupled, the cavity radius and crack length are the smallest, 41mm and 200mm, respectively. In the fissure area, the measuring point at a distance of 120mm from the blast hole wall, when using uncoupled discontinuous cylindrical charges, the damage factor is 0.194, which are 42% and 50% of coupled continuous, coupled discontinuous and uncoupled continuous charges, respectively and 53%. In summary, when blasting and driving coal mine argillaceous siltstone roadways, the use of uncoupled discontinuous columnar charges can not only make full use of the energy during blasting, but also reduce the damage to the surrounding rock of the roadway by the blasting load.