基于高压工质的弹射内弹道研究

针对使用高压工质的弹射装置，为分析其可行性，基于Soave-Redlich-Kwong 状态方程构建内弹道模型，特别是引入考虑真实气体效应的一维等熵喷管模型。采用喷管流量实验数据和同类文献计算值对内弹道模型进行验证，研究时间步长和真实气体效应对内弹道特性的影响。在验证和仿真基础上设计多目标优化模型，应用遗传算法进行求解。结果表明: 使用特定高压工质的弹射装置可满足给定弹射指标; 内弹道模型对时间步长的敏感度较低，基于理想气体和真实气体模型的计算结果有显著差别; 优化结果与特定基准工况相比，工质用量减少约32. 22%，能量利用率增加 49. 52% 。研究结果可为基于高压工质的弹射装置设计提供理论参考。

Research on Interior Ballistics of Catapult using High-Pressure working medium

To analyze the feasibility of high pressure working medium-based catapults，an interior ballistic model is constructed based on the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state，and an one-dimensional isentropic nozzle model considering real gas effect is introduced．Using experimental data of nozzle mass flow rate and calculation results from relevant literature，the interior ballistic model is validated．Based on validation and simulation，a multi-objective optimization model is developed and solved by using a genetic algorithm．The results show that the missile catapult based on high pressure working medium can meet the given launch requirements．The interior ballistic model is less sensitive to time step，and the ideal gas and real gas models yield significantly different results．Compared with specific reference conditions，the optimized mass of working medium is reduced by 32. 2% ，and the energy utilization rate is increased by 49. 52%．The research results can provide theoretical reference for designing high pressure working medium-based catapults．