基于数据价值的无人机数据收集方法

数据收集是无线监测网络的关键环节.利用无人机进行数据收集，其本质是通过无人机的移动代替网络中的转发节点，减少数据从源节点到基站的转发次数，有效节约监测网络能量，从而成为未来发展的趋势.现有研究关注如何利用无人机有限的能量获得更多的数据，缺乏对获取数据的价值评估，从而导致无人机数据收集能效比不高.如何利用无人机最少的能量付出在监测区域获取最大的数据价值，其难点在于数据价值是针对不同应用的主观评价，而不同节点获取的数据价值如何比较，目前缺乏统一的标准.我们发现，数据相似节点的数据价值存在相似性.在此基础上，我们提出了一种数据收集方法OnValueGet，利用关键性代表节点的数据，最大程度的近似代表整个监测区域的数据，从而在能量约束下获得最大数据价值.其核心思想在于：从分析感知数据的时空相似性入手，确定数据价值较高的感知节点，本文称为数据关键节点，在应用的误差范围内，它们采集的数据可以近似表示全部网络感知节点采集的数据.无人机以数据关键节点为数据采集的核心目标，在能量有限的情况下，根据遇到的障碍物和节点感知到数据的异常与否，动态的规划数据收集路线，从而使收集到的数据具有最大价值，显著提升数据收集的能效比.

UAV Data Collection Method Based on Data Value

Data collection is the most crucial problem of the wireless monitoring networks. The UAV based data collection methods have become the trend, as they could reduce the relaying times of data from the source to the sink, and improve the efficiency of network energy, due to the replacement of traditional self-organized transmission nodes with UAV. Current UAV based data collection schemes, however, focus on how to maximize the quantity of the data with limited energy, but lack the consideration of the data value, and hence perform poorly in the energy efficiency of UAV. So how to achieve the maximum data value while the consumed energy of UAV is minimum? The challenge however is to measure the value of the data, as the value of data is the subjective evaluation of applications, and there is no uniform measurement to compare the value of data that collected by different nodes. This paper introduces the first data value based data collection method On ValueGet that collect the most valuable data under the energy constraint. The intuition underlying our design is that nodes with similar data experience similar data value. We define and select the most valuable nodes (we called data-cirtical nodes) by analyzing and comparing the temporal and spatial similarity of data. The data sensed by data-critical nodes could approximately represent all nodes'' sensing data within a certain error. Aiming to collect the data of these data-critical nodes, we then adapt greedy algorithm to programing the route of UAV with the limited energy, and significantly improve the energy efficiency.