煤层气水合物储运技术研究进展

采用水合物法储运煤层气具有安全可靠、费用低等优势。为此介绍了其研究成果和最新进展，进而分析其优缺点。①在生成机理及动力学模型方面，分析了基于双膜理论和结晶理论的Englezos模型和基于双过程水合物生成机理的Chen-Guo模型，指出机理研究还应考虑生成热对晶核形成和水合物生长的作用；②在快速生成技术方面，对已有的天然气水合物制备强化工艺进行了分类和比较，指出在满足必要的热力学条件下，采用喷雾扰动下的水合物制备工艺过程可以大大提高气、水的接触面积；③在表面活性剂方面分析了其对煤层气水合物生成过程的影响，结果表明， 微量的表面活性剂提高了水合物形成速度和水合物形成的耗气量；④针对目前水合物生成模型和快速生成技术研究中存在的问题，建议开展水合物分离技术新工艺、促进产生环境友好型工艺过程、提高煤层气水合物储气密度的新技术等方面的研究。

PROGRESS IN STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY OF COALBED METHANE HYDRATE

The new method to store and transport coalbed methane in hydrate form has some advantages, such as high safety and reliability and low cost. This paper introduced the relevant research findings and latest progresses and further analyzed its advantages and disadvantages. ①In terms of growth mechanism and kinetics model, the paper studied the Englezos model based on the double film theory and crystal theory and Chen-Guo model based on the double process hydrate growth mechanism. It pointed out that the effect on the formation of nucleation and the growth of hydrate caused by the heat of formation should be taken into consideration. ②In terms of high speed formation technology, the existing enhancement methods for preparation of natural gas hydrate were classified and compared. It pointed out under necessary thermodynamic conditions, turbulent spraying method can dramatically increase the contact area between the gas and water. ③In terms of the surfactant, the paper studied the influence of surfactant on coalbed methane hydrate formation. The result showed that a minimum amount of surfactant could increase the hydrate forming velocity and the gas consumption in hydrate formation. ④In allusion to the problems of hydrate formation model and high speed formation technology, the researches on the new processes on hydrate separation, environment friendly new production processes, the processes which can enhance the coalbed methane storage density should be performed.