Synthesis and characterization of PrxZr1-xSiO4 (x?=?0–0.08) yellow pigments via non-hydrolytic sol-gel method

Yellow inorganic pigments Pr_xZr_1-xSiO₄ (x?=?0–0.08) have been prepared by a novel non-hydrolytic sol-gel (NHSG) method at 750?°C for 2?h. Replacing Pr⁴⁺ for Zr⁴⁺ in ZrSiO₄ increased the cell volume and changed the color from white to yellow gradually. The Si―O―Zr and Si―O―Pr bands were observed in the FT-IR spectra of xerogel, indicating it could reach homogeneous mixing at the atomic level. Therefore, it promoted the solid solution reaction between Pr and zircon at low temperature. The samples exhibit high doping limitation (x?=?0.08) and brilliant yellow hue (b^*?=?69.48) in contrast with the previously reported praseodymium zircon yellow pigments. The intense of yellow hue was increased with increasing the Pr doping content due to the increase of Pr⁴⁺/Pr³⁺ species. After applying on bisque ceramic tiles, the pigment exhibited excellent coloration, high thermal stability and low solubility in molten glazes, indicating its potential application in ceramic decoration.