重庆市城区饮用水源健康风险评价

通过对重庆市8个饮用水源地枯水期水体中NH3-N、CN、As、Hg、Cr^＋6、Pb、Cd、Cu、F和挥发酚的浓度进行了调查研究，应用美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对重庆市饮用水源水中污染物引起的健康风险作了评价。结果表明，污染物平均浓度范围分别为NH3-N：0．119—0.740mg／L，CN：0．002—0．004mg／L，As：0．001—0．007mg／L，Hg：0．000001—0．00005mg／L，Cr^＋6：0．004—0.023mg／L．Pb：0．004—0．053mg／L．Cd：0．00035—0．005mg／L．Cu：0．0005—0．0254mg/L，F：0．140—0．335mg／L，挥发酚：0．001—0．0027mg／L。重庆市通过饮水途径引起的非致癌健康风险中Pb的风险最大，F次之，两者风险水平在10^-8～10^-9／a；Cr^＋6引起的致癌风险最大达到10^-4／a；以长江为饮用水源的人群总健康风险大于嘉陵江，其健康风险达到EPA要求，但高于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）的最大可接受风险水平。

Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Source Water in Chongqing

It was studied that the concentration distributions of NH3-N,CN,As,Hg,Cr+6,Pb,Cd,Cu,F and hydroxybenzene in 8 samples of drinking source water in dry season in Chongqing City.Health risks associated in drinking source water were assessed with USEPA health risk assessment model.The results showed that the concentrations of the contamination in drinking source water in Chongqing ranged from 0.119~0.740mg/L for NH3-N,0.002~0.004 mg/L for CN,0.001~0.007 mg/L for As,0.000001~0.00005 mg/L for Hg,0.004~0.023 mg/L for Cr+6,0.004~0.053 mg/L for Pb,0.00035~0.005 mg/L for Cd,0.0005~0.0254 mg/L for Cu,0.140~0.335 mg/L for F,0.001~0.0027 mg/L for hydroxybenzene.Among the health risks caused by the non-carcinogens in drinking source water,the largest risk was the risk associated with Pb then followed by F,both in the levels of 10-8~10-9/a.Among the health risks caused by the carcinogens in drinking water,the largest risk associated with Cr+6 that ranged 10-4/a.It was in the range of EPA standard,while significantly high than maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP.