基于三维图像处理的车刀磨损缺陷检测方法研究

针对目前车刀磨损检测中所获取的二维图像处理无法提取车刀磨损区域三维特征的问题，提出一种基于结构光投影技术的方法，提取车刀磨损区域三维特征信息。对获取的信息进行分割，分离车刀中的垫片点云和刀头部分点云；然后对垫片点云进行最小二乘拟合平面处理，将拟合的平面与刀头部分点云进行最大距离求解，并用标准量块进行实际物理距离换算；最终获得刀头的最大实际磨损量，为工人更换刀头提供数据参考。实验结果表明：在对车刀进行磨损区域量化处理中，该方法可以获取车刀刀头的具体磨损量值，且具有较高的精度和较低的经济成本，该系统的误差小于0.05 mm,可满足实际生产需求。

Research on Tool Wear Defect Detection Method Based on 3D Image Processing

Aiming at the problem that 2D image processing cannot extract the 3D features of the tool wear area in the current tool wear detection,a method based on structured light projection technology was proposed to extract the 3D feature information of the tool wear area.The obtained 3D point cloud information was segmented to separate the gasket point cloud in the tool from the cutter head point cloud.The gasket point cloud was processed by least square fitting plane,the maximum distance between the fitted plane and some point clouds of the cutter head was calculated,and the actual physical distance was converted with a standard gauge block.Finally,the maximum actual wear of the cutter head was obtained,providing data reference for workers to replace the cutter head.The research results show that in the process of quantifying the wear area of the turning tool,the method can obtain the specific wear value of the turning tool head with high accuracy and low economic cost.The error of the system is less than 0.05 mm,which can meet the actual production needs.