植物源抑菌剂的研究进展

植物源抑菌剂是通过物理或化学分离提取方法从天然植物中获得的具有抑菌作用的生物活性物质，具有安全、高效、毒副作用小等优点，在抑制病原菌及有害微生物生长繁殖、保障食品安全方面有较高的开发潜力和研究价值。植物源抑菌剂种类丰富，主要包括多酚、多糖、黄酮、挥发油、生物碱、萜类化合物等。本文分析总结了常见植物源抑菌剂的提取及纯化方法，讨论了提取方法选择过程中存在的问题，探究了不同种类植物源抑菌剂的作用机理及在食品保藏、加工中的应用现状。植物源抑菌剂在抑菌防腐领域具有较广阔的应用前景，未来可在提取工艺优化、有效成分分析及抑菌基因表达等方面进行深入研究，以期为植物源抑菌剂的综合利用提供一定的理论依据。

Research progress of plant-derived antimicrobial agents

Plant-derived bacteriostatic agents are biologically active substances with bacteriostatic effects obtained from natural plants through physical or chemical separation and extraction methods. They have the advantages of safety, high efficiency, and small toxic and side effects. They can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens and harmful microorganisms and protect food. In terms of safety, it has high development potential and research value. There are many kinds of plant-derived antibacterial agents, mainly including polyphenols, polysaccharides, flavonoids, volatile oils, alkaloids, and terpenoids. This article analyzes and summarizes the extraction and purification methods of common plant-derived antibacterial agents, discusses the problems in the selection process of extraction methods, and explores the mechanism of action of different kinds of plant-derived antibacterial agents and their application status in food preservation and processing. Plant-derived antimicrobial agents have broad application prospects in the field of antimicrobial and anti-corrosion. In the future, further research can be conducted on the optimization of extraction process, analysis of effective components and expression of antibacterial genes, etc. It will provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of plant derived antimicrobial agents.