天然化合物抑制HMG-CoA还原酶改善心脑血管疾病的研究进展

HMG-CoA还原酶，即3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase，HMGR)是合成胆固醇过程中的限速酶，抑制HMGR活性能够阻碍胆固醇合成，降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平，改善心脑血管疾病。由于现市售的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂（他汀类）已被证明有诸多的副作用，研发出他汀类药物替代物就具有了重要意义。本文综述了HMGR与心脑血管疾病的关系，他汀类药物存在的问题，天然化合物抑制HMGR的研究现状，并展望了HMGR天然抑制剂的研究方向。

Review about the ameliorating effect of natural compounds on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases through inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase

HMG-CoA reductase, namely 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGR), is the rate-limiting enzyme in the process of cholesterol synthesis. Inhibition of HMGR activity can hinder cholesterol synthesis, reduce the level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. As HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) on the market have been proved to have many side effects, it is of great significance to develop substitutes for statins. This paper reviews the relationship between HMGR and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, the existing problems of statins, the research status of natural compounds inhibiting HMGR, and looks forward to the research direction of natural inhibitors of HMGR.