松茸和姬松茸挥发性成分比较分析

为了解干松茸和干姬松茸挥发性成分的异同，采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱联用技术分析4 个不同产地干松茸和3 个不同产地的干姬松茸挥发性成分，并对二者的共有组分进行比较分析，研究结果显示在4 个不同产地干松茸样品中总计检出酯类、醛类、醇类、酚类、烯烃类、酮类、酸类、呋喃类、含氮杂环化合物等76 种化合物，其中共有的特征挥发性组分为25 种。在3 个不同产地干姬松茸样品中总计检出酯类、醛类、醇类、酚类、烯烃类、酮类、酸类、呋喃类、含氮杂环化合物等69 种，其中共有的特征挥发性组分为28 种。干松茸样品与干姬松茸样品中共有特征挥发性组分进行比较分析显示，干松茸样品独特的挥发性风味组分肉桂酸甲酯、1-辛烯-3-酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、戊醛、癸醛和干姬松茸独特的挥发性风味组分苯甲醛、可可醛可作为鉴定及区分松茸和姬松茸的化学辅助手段，同时还可为评定干松茸和干姬松茸品质提供参考。

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Components of Tricholoma matsutake and Agaricus blazei

In order to investigate the differences in the volatile components of dried fruit bodies of Tricholoma matsutake and A. blazei, headspace solid phase micro-extraction combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HSSPME- GC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the volatile components of T. matsutake from four different producing areas and A. blazei from three different producing areas. Totally seventy-six volatile compounds including asters, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, olefins, ketones, acids, furans, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds were identified from the dried samples of T. matsutake, twenty-five of which were common to these samples. Totally, sixty-nine volatile compounds including asters, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, olefins, ketones, acids, furans, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds were identified from the dried samples of A. blazei, twenty-eight of which were common to these samples. Comparative analysis indicated that methyl cinnamate, 1-octen-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, pentanal and decanal as the characteristic volatile components of T. matsutake, and benzaldehyde, 2-isopropyl-5-methylhex-2-enal as the characteristic volatile components of A. blazei could be used as effective chemical indicators for the discrimination of T. matsutake from A. blazei, and could also provide useful information to evaluate the quality of T. matsutake and A. blazei.