非小细胞肺癌基因突变与吸烟相关性的研究现状

2016年全球疾病负担(GBD2016)研究显示，肺癌的致死率逐年升高，已成为癌症死因之首，控制肺癌发病迫在眉睫。在我国肺癌同样是发病率和死亡率第一的恶性肿瘤，对人类健康造成了威胁。其中非小细胞肺癌占肺癌比例之多，约为85%。到目前为止，基因突变已经成为非小细胞肺癌已知的致癌因素，而吸烟又在非小细胞肺癌的发生发展过程中起到了一定的作用，为正确识别吸烟作为非小细胞肺癌中基因突变的危险因素，本文对2018年美国国家综合癌症网(NCCN)提到的可以诱发非小细胞肺癌的突变基因与吸烟的关系进行综述，发现在非小细胞肺癌中EGFR、ALK、ROS1、KRAS以及BRAF突变基因与吸烟的相关性争议较多，但更倾向于存在无吸烟暴露的患者中，而非小细胞肺癌中总体的基因突变率却与吸烟之间存在关联。

Research status of the relationship between non-small cell lung cancer gene mutation and smoking

2016 global disease burden (GBD2016) study shows that the mortality rate of lung cancer has increased year by year，has become the leading cause of cancer death，and the control of lung cancer is imminent.In China，lung cancer is also the first malignant tumor with morbidity and mortality，which poses a threat to human health.Among them，non-small cell lung cancer accounts for a large proportion of lung cancer，about 85%.So far，gene mutations have become known carcinogenic factors in non-small cell lung cancer，and smoking has played a role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer.In order to identify smoking as a risk factor for gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer，this article reviews the relationship between the mutated genes that can induce non-small cell lung cancer and smoking which mentioned in the 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN).It is found that the association of EGFR，ALK，ROS1，KRAS and BRAF mutant genes with smoking is more controversial in non-small cell lung cancer，but it is more likely to be present in patients with no smoking exposure.However，the overall genetic mutation rate in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with smoking.