广西蛔虫感染危险因素病例对照研究

目的探讨广西人群蛔虫感染的主要影响因素,找出今后防控的关键环节。方法按照《全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查实施方案》抽样和确定对象,采用改良加滕厚涂片法粪便检查虫卵,虫卵阳性作为病例,按照1:1配对,选出对照者,采用全国“寄调”《土源线虫感染病例对照调查表》问卷调查,采用单因素和多因素配对Logistic逐步回归进行统计分析。结果(1)单因素分析显示,除了吃洗净后的瓜果、经济收入、饮用水源和厕所类型4个因素对蛔虫感染的影响没有显著意义外,其余8个因素均有显著意义,其中,便后洗手(OR=3.955)具有高度保护作用,喝生水和捡落地食品不洗就吃均具有高度危险作用(OR值分别为0.186和0.184),10年内驱虫次数(OR=0.753),具有一定保护作用。(2)经多因素分析,最终被选入回归方程的因素有便后洗手、喝生水、捡落地食品不洗就吃和10年内驱虫次数。结论广西人群蛔虫感染的主要影响因素是个人卫生习惯,药物治疗干预可以降低蛔虫的感染。

A case-control study on risk factors for ascarid infection in Guangxi

Objective To probe into the main risk factors of ascaris infection in Guangxi in order to find out the key measures for ascaris infection control in Guangxi.Methods Objects were sampled according to "Implemental project of nationwide survey for current status of human main parasitic disease";Kato-Katz was used to detect ascaris egg.A 1:1 match case-control study was designed,the egg positives are cases and the negatives are controls,all the objects were investigated with "questionnaire of case-control for the soil-transmitted nematode infection".Single and multianalysis of stepwise logistic model was used to analyse the data.Results(1)Single factor analysis: Four factors including eating washed melon and fruit,income,source of drinking water and type of toilet did not show to be risk factors for ascaris infection,other 8 factors showed a significance influence upon ascaris infection,among them,washing hands after defecation was a high protection factor(OR=3.955),drinking un-boiled water and eating the food falling to the ground and not to be washed ware high risk factors(or=0.186,or= 0.184 respectively),times of parasitic treatment during the past 10 years was a weak protection factor(OR= 0.753).(2)Multivariate analysis: Washing hand after defecation,drinking unboiled water,eating the food that falling to the ground and not to be washed and the times of parasitic treatment during the past 10 years were chosen into the regression equation.Conclusion The main influence factor of ascaris infection in Guangxi is mainly personal hygiene habit;the intervention of chemotherapy can reduce population ascaris infection.