三氯化铁催化合成草酸二丁酯

以草酸和正丁醇为原料，三氯化铁为催化剂，环己烷为带水剂，合成了草酸二丁酯。采用正交实验研究了醇酸物质的量比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量和反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响。结果表明，三氯化铁是合成草酸二丁酯的良好催化剂，当草酸加入量为0.1 mol、醇酸物质的量比为3.5∶1、催化剂用量为反应物总质量的4.0 %、环己烷用量32 mL和回流温度下反应40 min，草酸二丁酯的平均收率可达91.6%。

Synthesis of dibutyl oxalate catalyzed by ferric chloride

The esterfication of oxalic acid and butyl alcohol was studied with ferric chloride as catalyst and cyclohexane as water carrying agent.The effects of different factors such as mole ratio of reactants, the dosage of catalyst and water carrying agent, and reaction time on the yield of dibutyl oxalate were studied by orthogonal test. The experimental results showed that ferric chloride was a good catalyst for synthesis of dibutyl oxalate. The optimum reaction condition was attained as follows: the amount of oxalic acid 0.1 mol, mole ratio of butyl alcohol to oxalic acid 3.5, catalyst dosage 4.0% of the total mass of the reactants, cyclohexane 32 mL, refluent reaction time 40 min. The average yield of dibutyl oxalate reached 91.6% under the optimum condition