高通量测序分析新疆沼液中发酵微生物的多样性

利用高通量测序技术研究了5种新疆不同地区的沼气池(A08,A09,A010,A011和A012)的微生物群落结构和多样性。获得5个沼气池细菌和真菌的物种注释的运算分类单位(OTU)数目,其中细菌OTU数为2105,其相同的OTU数为225;真菌OTU的总数为2224,其相同的OTU数为178。以牛粪为底物的沼液样品A08,A09,A010细菌门相对丰度由高到低分别是拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门。以鸡粪为底物的沼液A011的细菌门主要是拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门,其相对丰度分别为58.5%和23.8%。以猪粪为底物的样品A012细菌门相对丰度由高到低分别是厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门。5种沼液样品中的主要真菌门是子囊菌门和担子菌门,其中子囊菌门占多数,相对丰度为72.7%～83.3%,担子菌门的相对丰度为4.3%～7.3%。新疆不同地区和不同底物的沼气微生物种类有很大不同,研究其不同微生物结构为制备高效沼气发酵菌剂提供了参考。

Analysis of fermentation microbial diversity in biogas slurry by using high-throughput sequencing in Xinjiang, China

Abstract: The microbial varieties of 5 biogas digesters (A08, A09, A010, A011, and A012) were investigated using high-throughput sequencing in different regions in Xinjiang. The operational taxonomic units (OTU) number of bacterial in the OTU cluster analysis of 5 biogas digesters was 2 105, and their identical OTU number was 225. The total OTU number of fungal was 2 224, and their identical OTU number was 178.The main types of biogas slurry samples, A08, A09, and A010, with cow manure as substrate were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. The sample A011 with chicken manure as the substrate was mainly Bacteroides and Firmicutes, and the relative abundance was 58.5% and 23.8%, respectively. The sample A012 with pig manure as substrate was similar to the sample A09 with cow manure as substrate. The first dominant group was Firmicutes, the second dominant group was Bacteroides, and the third one was Proteobacteria. The main fungi in the 5 biogas slurry samples were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota at the phylum level, in which the relative abundance of Ascomycota accounted for the majority, reached 72.7%-83.3%, with a relatively abundant level of Basidiomycetes at 4.3%-7.3%. The Xinjiang biogas digesters contained an extremely abundant number of microbial strains, and the microbial distributions of the different samples were different, which provided theory evidence for the preparation of high efficiency biogas fermenting agents.