2006-2007年成都市学生伤害监测分析

目的 了解成都市中小学(中专)学生伤害流行特征,为预防控制伤害提供科学依据.方法 在成都市分层随机抽取一个三甲医院和2个二级医院作为监测医院,将2006年1月1日至2007年12月31日期间,到监测医院就诊首诊为伤害的中小学(中专)学生患者作为监测对象,填写统一的调查表,分析伤害发生的原因、类型和特征.结果 调查伤害患者共计3753例,男女性别比为2.09:1,小学生最多(56.62%),其次为高中、中专生(23.79%)和初中生(19.58%).小学生伤害前3位原因为跌落、动物咬伤、交通事故,初中生为跌落、钝器伤、交通事故,高中生为跌落、交通事故、锐器伤.1年中伤害发生时间以7-9月较高,1天中以18:00-20:00点较高.伤害部位以头部较多,伤害动机以非故意为主,但也存在自残、自杀现象.结论 动物咬伤、交通事故已成为影响成都市学生安全与健康的重要问题,应根据本市学生伤害发生的特点,采取适当的干预措施,保护学生健康.

Analysis of the injury surveillance data of students in Chengdu from 2006 to 2007

Objective The study was conducted to explore the epidemiological characteristics of injuries of primary and/or high school students in Chengdu in order to provide scientific evidence for the development of strategies for the prevention and control of injuries. Methods One grade-3 level-A hospital and two grade-2 hospitals in Chengdu were selected by stratified random sampling for the surveillance. From January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2007, primary and/or high school students who initially visited these hospitals and were confirmed injuries were requested to complete a unified questionnaire, of which the results would be analyzed for the causes, types and characteristics of injury. Results The male-female ratio of the 3753 subjects was 2.09：1, consisting mostly of primary students （56.62%）, followed by senior high school students （23.79%） and then junior high school students （19.58%）. The top three causes of injury in primary school students were in turn falling, animal bites and traffic accidents; in junior high school students falling, blunt injuries, tral＇fic accidents; and in senior high school students falling, traffic accidents, stab injuries. The injuries were prone to occur in July, August and September, mostly at 6-8 PM. The head was more frequently injured, as found from the results. Although the majority of injuries were associated with unintentional accidents, suicide and self-mutilation still existed. Conclusion Animal bites and traffic accidents resulted in a grave threatening situation for the safety and health of students in Chengdu. It is necessary to take proper measures in light of the epidemiological characteristics of injury in Chengdu to better prevent and control student injuries.