拔除下切牙正畸矫治的临床研究

目的:探讨拔除正畸患者下切牙的各种适应证及矫治方法。方法:临床选择42例患者(男16例,女26例),具体分为4种情况:Bolton指数不调,前牙比过大;III类错前牙反;先天缺1颗下切牙;某些牙周病等。治疗之前均采用拔除单个下切牙或拔除下切牙外还配合其它牙齿的拔除,使用标准方丝弓矫治技术和其它辅助治疗方法。结果:前2种情况拔除单个下切牙,第3种情况拔除1个下切牙外还拔除上颌2个第一前磨牙,下颌个别牙需要磨改外形,第4种情况拔除1个下切牙外上颌多个牙要配合邻面去釉,42个病例均取得满意的矫治效果,前牙覆、覆盖正常,后牙咬合关系好。结论:认真掌握好临床拔除下切牙的适应证并配合其它方法,能取得满意的临床矫治效果。

Orthodontic treatment of malocclusions by lower incisor extraction

Objective:To investigate the indications of lower incisor extraction in orthodontic treatment of malocclusions. Methods:42 patients (males 16,females 26) were divided into four groups: abnormal Bolton index; class III malocclusions with anterior teeth cross bite; one congenital lower incisor losing; and anterior teeth area periodontal disease.One lower incisor extraction, one lower incisor and other teeth extraction and other accessorial therapy were used in the treatment. Results:According to these four different conditions, alternative treatment plans of lower incisor extraction should be determined. For the former two conditions, one lower incisor was extracted; A lower incisor and two maxillary first premolars were extracted in the third condition, in which lower canines and first premolars should be grinded to improve esthetics; In the last condition, some maxillary teeth need stripping besides extracting one lower incisor. All of the 42 cases achieved satisfactory results, normal overbite and overjet and stable occlusal relationship. Conclusion:To be well acquainted with the indications of the extraction of the lower incisor in orthodontic treatment of malocclusions can help to achieve satisfactory clinical effect.