测试方法对可燃性制冷剂爆炸极限影响的研究

为研究可燃性制冷剂爆炸极限的测试方法对制冷剂爆炸极限值的影响，以目前使用较为广泛的ASTM E681-01和GB/T 12474-90两种制冷剂爆炸极限测试装置为研究对象，实验研究了测试装置对制冷剂爆炸极限实验测试值的影响.通过实验现象和燃烧学理论对实验结果比较分析的结果表明，口径小的爆炸容器的器壁冷却作用大，火焰易熄灭，结果使爆炸范围缩小；采用ASTM E681-01搭建的实验台受壁面淬熄影响较小，与实际使用中制冷剂泄漏到自由空间中的情况更为接近，同时其点火电极的材料选择、点火方式、电极间距布置有利于获得更高的点火能量，测试得到的可燃性制冷剂爆炸极限数据更能保证制冷剂使用中的安全性.

Study on influence of test methods for determining explosion limits of flammable refrigerants

Two test devices were established according to GB/T 12474-90 and ASTM E681-01 respectively,and the difference between the explosion limits of flammable refrigerants tested by these two devices were analyzed and compared according to experimental phenomena and combustion theory.For a cylindrical vessel of small diameter,the explosion limit is affected by the wall's quenching effect.For a ASTM type 12 L spherical flask,the quenching effect is weak and the experimental values of explosion limits may approach to the values obtained in free space.The electrode material,shape and the spaces between the electrodes of the ASTM type spherical flask have effect on spark ignition energy.Using the ASTM type spherical flask can obtain reliable explosion limit data to confirm the security of refrigerants use.