髂前上棘、耻骨联合及股骨头中心的影像定位与体表关系

目的通过X线骨盆平片测量,计算股骨头中心与这两点的关系。分析其特点,找到一个简便、相对准确的体表确定股骨头运动中心的方法。方法门诊选取健康男女性各20人﹙无腰髋症状及病史﹚,得到年龄、身高、体重。摄标准骨盆正位片,拍照前体表找到髂前上棘、定位,于其上放置参照物。使用测量软件测量骨盆宽度、高度、髂耻线及股骨头中心数据。将各项参数收集后进行统计学分析。结果股骨头中心距髂耻连线距离平均为2.72cm左右。股骨头中心在髂耻连线的投影点均位于髂耻连线中点的外侧,距离髂耻中点1.08cm左右。结论股骨头运动中心是髋膝关节置换及骨折手术的重要标志,通过髂前上棘、耻骨联合等体表标志确定股骨头中心简便易行、值得推广,可作为临床手术定位的辅助。

A image measurement of femoral head center using body surface location of anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis

Objective The relationship between the center of the femoral head,anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis was calculated through the pelvic radiographs to find a simple and relatively accurate method for locating hip rotation centre on body surface.Methods 11 males and 11 females were included in this study,whose body weight,height and age were recorded.A Mark was placed before anterior-posterior X-ray was taken,reducing measurement error.All date of width and length of pevic,iliac-pubic line and femoral head center using measurement software.Result Project point of femoral head center on iliac-pubic line was lateral to midpoint of iliac-pubic line,and its distance was about 1.08cm.The vertical distance of femoral head center to iliac-pubic line was 2.72cm.Conclusion Hip movement center was an important symbol in hip and knee replacement and fractures surgery,but it was difficult to locate on body surface.The Method was worth to popularize for its simplicity in location of femoral head center,and was an assisted means in operations.