植物复合精油对5种稻谷霉变优势菌株抑菌作用研究

为了研究天然植物精油(百里香、丁香、肉桂)对霉变稻谷的抑菌效果，以5种稻谷霉变优势菌株为受试菌，以霉菌抑菌圈直径大小和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为指标，通过混料设计方法建立复合精油抑菌模型，结合方差分析得到抑菌效果最佳的植物精油配比。研究结果表明，单一精油抑菌活性对亮白曲霉（A. candidus），杂色曲霉（A. versicolor）和聚多曲霉（A. sydowii）为肉桂精油>丁香精油>百里香精油；对稻黑孢霉（N. oryzae）为肉桂精油=丁香精油>百里精香油；对布罗克青霉菌（P. brocae）为丁香精油=百里香精油<肉桂精油。当肉桂精油:丁香精油:百里香精油的体积比为55.2%︰26.9%︰17.9%时，3种植物精油对5种菌株抑制效果最佳，复合抑制值大于90.9%。

Research Progress of Antimicrobial Property of Plant Compound Essential Oil in Five Grain Mildew Advantage Strain

In order to study the antibacterial effect of natural plant essential oils (thyme, clove and cinnamon) on moldy rice, five dominant rice mildew strains were used as test bacteria, and the diameter of fungus inhibition zone and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were used as indexes to establish the bacteriostatic model of compound essential oils by mixture design method. Combined with variance analysis, the best ratio of plant essential oils for bacteriostatic effect was obtained. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of single essential oil was Aspergilluscandidus(A.candidaus),Aspergillus versicolor(A. versicolor) and Aspergillus sydowii(A. sydowii )in the order of cinnamon essential oil > clove essential oil > thyme essential oi; Nigrospora oryzae(N. oryzae) for cinnamon essential oil = clove essential oil > balsamic essential oil; Penicillium brocae(P. brocae) for clove essential oil = thyme essential oil < cinnamon essential oil.When the volume ratio of cinnamon essential oil: clove essential oil: thyme essential oil was 55.2%: 26.9%: 17.9%, the three plant essential oils had the best inhibition effect on five strains, and the compound inhibition value was more than 90.9%.