新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发一年后全封闭隔离管理对官兵心理健康状况的影响

目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情暴发1年后全封闭管理期间军队人员的心理健康状态.方法 采用自编人员一般资料调查表、7项广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、事件影响量表修订版(IES-R)、患者健康调查问卷9(PHQ-9)和失眠严重程度指数(ISI)量表对某部294名官兵进行问卷调查,探究疫情暴发1年后长期全封闭隔离管理期间军人的心理健康状态,并采用多元线性回归模型分析其影响因素.结果 回收有效问卷257份,有效回收率为87.4％.有47.5％(122/257)的官兵表现出抑郁症状,29.6％(76/257)表现出焦虑症状,39.7％(102/257)出现创伤后应激障碍症状,30.4％(78/257)存在失眠症状.多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别和自尊是抑郁(β=0.145、-0.544,P均<0.01)和焦虑(β=0.192、-0.515,P均<0.01)的影响因素,年龄、受教育程度和自尊是创伤后应激障碍的影响因素(β=0.233、0.126、-0.484,P均<0.05),性别、受教育程度和自尊是失眠的影响因素(β=0.118、0.135、-0.456,P均<0.05).结论 在COVID-19疫情暴发1年后的全封闭隔离管理下,部分官兵出现了焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍和失眠症状,提示在疫情暴发1年后封闭管理期间仍应重点关注军队官兵的心理健康,有针对性地开展心理疏导和心理干预工作,提高疫情期间的军人心理健康水平.

Mental health status of officers and soldiers during COVID-19 epidemic closure management and its influencing factors

Objective To explore the effect of fully enclosed management on mental health status of military personnel one year after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Demographic data, 7-item Generalized anxiety scale (GAD - 7), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ - 9) ,Event Impact Scale-Revised (IES - R),and the Index of Insomnia Scale (ISI) were employed to investigate the impact of enclosed management on mental health status among 294 military personnel. Results We received 257 valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 95.4%. Overall, the prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, posttraumatic stress symptoms and insomnia was 47.5%, 29.6%, 39.6% and 30.3%. Gender and self-esteem were significantly associated with depression and anxiety. Educational level and self-esteem were significantly related to posttraumatic stress symptoms. Gender, educational level and self-esteem were significantly associated with insomnia. Conclusion One year after the COVID-19 outbreak, the mental health of military personnel including depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, posttraumatic stress symptoms and insomnia was affected by the fully enclosed management. This suggests that one year after the COVID-19 outbreak, more attention should still be paid to the mental health of military personnel and tailored interventions should be designed to improve the mental health of military personnel during the COVID-19 outbreak.