杭州湾南岸滩涂贝类养殖环境中污染物的调查

以底栖线虫/挠足类比值的季节变化,反映杭州湾南岸滩涂贝类养殖区的环境污染程度.在4月份中片滩涂上潮带污染较重;6月份东片滩涂下潮带污染较重;8月份东片滩涂上潮带污染较重;10月份东片滩涂污染较重.主要污染物检测结果表明：杭州湾南岸滩涂贝类养殖环境总体上符合国家海洋沉积物的第一类标准,除中部滩涂沉积物中Cu的含量在丰水期超标外,大部分滩涂并没有受到重金属的污染.但滩涂底质中PCB的含量超标严重.4种养殖贝类（泥螺、彩虹明樱哈、缢蛏、青蛤）体内油类和As的残留量均未超标,但Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg、Cu等重金属的残留量有不同程度地超标.这4种贝类生物对Hg的富集能力均很强,以青蛤最甚,其余依次为泥螺、缢蛏、彩虹明樱哈;对Cu的富集能力,泥螺比其他3种强;对Cd的富集能力,依次为青蛤、缢蛏、泥螺、彩虹明樱哈;对PCB的富集能力,以青蛤最强,其余依次为泥螺、彩虹明樱哈.

A Study on Contaminant Residue of Bethons In Shellfish Culture Shoal of South Bank in Hangzhou Bay

In the paper the ratio of nematodes to copepods in different seasons is used for assessment of the contamination in shellfish culture shoal of south bank in Hangzhou bay.Uppertidal zone in middle part shoal has more serious contamination in April,and so does the downtidal zone in easten part in June,uppertidal zone in easten area shoal in August,the whole easten area in Octomber respectively.The research results indicates that shellfish culture enviornment of shoal in South bank in Hangzhou bay in geneal meets the National Ocean sendiment stadard(I),with exception of Cu content in the middle shoal sedment in rainy seasons.But PCB content seriously exceeds the standart in bottom of shoal.The research on four culture mollusc(Bullacta exarata,Moerella iridescens,Sinonovacula constricta,Cyclina sinensis) shows that petroleum and As comtent are at normal level,but Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg,Cu etc.are at a higher level to various degree.The four species of molluscs can strongly accumulate heavy mental Hg,especially Cyclina sinensis,secondly Bullacta exarata,Sinonovacula constricta,then Moerella iridescens;And Bullacta exarata can more effectively accumulate heavy mental Cu,while Cyclina sinensis is most capoble of accumulating Cd and PCB among these molluscs.