锂硫电池用石墨烯基材料的研究进展

锂硫电池因其理论能量密度高、资源丰富和环境友好等优势,被认为是最有发展前景的下一代电化学储能系统之一。然而,硫的绝缘性、充放电中间产物多硫化物的溶解和扩散、硫的体积膨胀以及锂负极安全性等问题,严重制约着锂硫电池的商业应用。石墨烯因其具有高导电、高柔性等诸多优异特性而被广泛研究,将其用于锂硫电池的正极载体、隔膜涂层和集流体中,以期实现高比能、高稳定性的锂硫电池。本文综述了石墨烯基材料,包括石墨烯、功能化石墨烯、掺杂石墨烯和石墨烯复合物,在锂硫电池中应用的研究进展,并展望了锂硫电池用石墨烯基材料的未来发展方向。

Development of Graphene-based Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising electrochemical energy storage systems because of their high theoretical energy density, natural abundance, and environmental benignity. However, several problems such as the insulating nature of sulfur, high solubility of polysulfides, large volume variation of the sulfur cathode, and safety concerns regarding the lithium anode hinder the commercialization of Li-S batteries. Graphene-based materials, with advantages such as high conductivity and good flexibility, have shown effectiveness in realizing Li-S batteries with high energy density and high stability. These materials can be used as the cathode matrix, separator coating layer, and anode protection layer. In this review, the recent progress of graphene-based materials used in Li-S batteries, including graphene, functionalized graphene, heteroatom-doped graphene, and graphene-based composites, has been summarized. And perspectives regarding the development trend of graphene-based materials for Li-S batteries have been discussed.