弹簧-金属丝网橡胶组合减振器迟滞力学模型及实验研究

金属丝网橡胶材料是一种完全由金属丝编织成的多孔复合材料,与传统螺旋卷制金属橡胶材料相比,其改进了成型工艺,剔除了制备过程中大量的手工工艺干扰,提高机械化程度,重合度更高,拥有更稳定的力学性能.由于金属丝网橡胶材料具有承载能力高、阻尼大、耐高温、耐低温、耐老化、抗油抗腐蚀等优良特性,在很多方面强于传统橡胶,多用于航空航天、船舶、军事武器等军工工业.弹簧$\!$-$\!$-$\!$金属丝网橡胶组合减振器具有可设计刚度和较高承载能力,但因其具有复杂的非线性迟滞特性,目前相关材料的本构模型还难以准确描述其力学特性.本文在弹簧$\!$-$\!$-$\!$金属丝网橡胶组合减振器静态迟滞力学性能实验的基础上,结合其干摩擦阻尼迟滞特性,提出了一种迟滞力学性能理论模型.根据减振器迟滞实验恢复力$\!$-$\!$-$\!$位移曲线特点,利用参数分离的方法将迟滞曲线分解为弹性恢复力和干摩擦阻尼力,分别建模求解等效刚度和干摩擦阻尼系数,以此建立了组合减振器理论模型,并与实验结果进行对比及进行误差分析,验证了理论模型的准确性. 

HYSTERESIS MECHANICAL MODEL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SPRING METAL-NET RUBBER COMBINATION DAMPER1)

Metal-net rubber is a porous material composed entirely of metal wire woven. Compared with the traditional spiral coiled metal rubber material, the molding technology of metal-net rubber material is improved, which eliminates a large number of manual process interferences in preparation process. The metal-net rubber material has higher mechanization degree, better coincidence and more stable mechanical properties. With the excellent characteristics of bearing capacity, large damping, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, aging resistance, oil and corrosion resistance, metal-net rubber material is better than traditional rubber in many ways, which is widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, military weapons and other military industries. Spring metal-net rubber combination damper has designable stiffness and high bearing capacity. Because of its complex nonlinear hysteresis characteristics, the constitutive model of related materials is difficult to describe its mechanical properties accurately. Based on the static hysteresis mechanical performance experiment of spring metal-net rubber combination damper, combined with the hysteresis characteristics of dry friction damping, a theoretical modeling model of hysteresis mechanical properties is proposed. According to the characteristics of restoring force-displacement curve of damper hysteresis experiment, the hysteresis curve is decomposed into elastic recovery force and dry friction damping force by parameter separation method. The equivalent stiffness and dry friction damping coefficient are solved respectively by modeling to establish the theoretical model of the combination damper. By comparing with the experimental results, the error analysis is carried out to verify the accuracy of the theoretical model.