改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物的 去除效果研究

目的：探讨用活性氧化铝或活性炭作为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物的净化效果。方法：分别用活性氧化铝和活性炭作为除氟剂制备2种慢滤池，采用氟离子选择性电极法、酸性高锰酸钾法、纳氏试剂比色法、铂-钴标准比色法和玻璃电极法分别测定改进型生物慢滤池进水和出水中的氟含量、化学需氧量（CODMn）、氨氮（NH₄⁺-N）、色度及pH值，分析评价改进型生物慢滤池对高氟水中氟化物及相关污染物的净化效果。结果：以活性氧化铝/活性炭为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对水中氟离子的平均瞬时去除率、处理24 h后氟离子去除率、COD_Mn去除率、NH₄⁺-N去除率、pH值达标率以及色度去除率分别为73.17%/6.14%、87.57%/18.33%、41.77%/18.28%、37.66%/21.17%、100%/85.71%和65.71%/22.14%。结论：以活性氧化铝为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物具有良好的净化效果，有一定的应用推广价值。

Effects of modified biological slow filter on removal of fluoride and related pollutants in drinking water

OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the purification effect of modified biological slow filter, with activated alumina and activated carbon as defluorizers, on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water. METHODS: The chemical oxygen demand (COD_Mn), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N),chromaticity and pH value were measured by fluoride ion-selective electrode method,acid potassium permanganate method, Nessler's reagent colorimetric method, platinum cobalt standard colorimetric method, and glass electrode method, respectively. The purification effects of the modified biological slow filter on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: The average instantaneous fluoride removal rates,24 h-post-treatment fluoride removal rates,CODMn removal rates, NH₄⁺-N removal rates,standard-reaching rates of pH value and colority removal rates of the modified biological slow filters,using activated aluminium oxide/activated carbon as fluoride removal agents,were 73.17%/6.14%,87.57%/18.33%,41.77%/18.28%,37.66%/21.17%,100%/85.71%,and 65.71%/22.14%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The modified biological slow filter,with activated aluminium oxide as fluoride removal agent,has relatively good purification effects on fluoride and related pollutants and can be considered for application.