GPS实时单站测速和相对测速的误差比较与精度分析

基于GPS多普勒测速原理，结合广播星历介绍实时单站测速和相对测速的数学模型，分析并对比两者的误差源及其对测速精度的影响，然后采用实测数据进行静态环境下和低动态环境下测速精度的实验验证。结果表明，在基线长度约为600 km的静态环境下，采用原始多普勒观测值相对测速精度和单站测速精度都为cm/s级，且相对测速RMS值大于单站测速RMS值；采用高频相位导出多普勒观测值两种测速模式的精度都为mm/s级，且相对测速RMS值略小于单站测速RMS值。在低动态环境下，采用原始多普勒观测值两种测速模式精度都为dm/s级，采用高频相位导出多普勒观测值两者精度都为cm/s级。

Error Comparison and Accuracy Analysis between Stand-Alone and Relative Velocity Determination Using GPS

Based on GPS Doppler velocity determination, we compare the error sources between stand-alone GPS velocity and relative GPS velocity, and analyze the influence of these errors on accuracy using GPS broadcast ephemeris. Then, experiments are carried out with static and low-dynamic data. The results show that in static environments the baseline distance is about 600 km, the accuracy of standalone velocity and relative velocity both can achieve a level of cm/s using raw Doppler, and the RMS of stand-alone velocity is lower than that of relative velocity. The accuracy of stand-alone velocity and relative velocity can achieve a level of mm/s using carrier phase-derived Doppler, and the RMS of relative velocity is lower than that of stand-alone velocity. In low-dynamic environments, the accuracy of stand-alone velocity and relative velocity both can achieve a level of dm/s using raw Doppler, and they can achieve a level of cm/s using high-frequency carrier phase-derived Doppler.