中国不同省份粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性

 【目的】探讨中国不同省份间粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性和遗传差异,为粳稻育种提供参考依据。【方法】利用34对SSR引物对12个省139份粳稻选育品种进行遗传相似性和聚类分析。【结果】共检测到198个等位基因,平均每对SSR引物检测到的等位基因数为5.3235个。RM320、RM531、RM1、RM286和RM336的等位基因数较多,分别为15、12、11、9和9个;RM320、RM336、RM286和RM531的遗传多样性指数较高,分别为2.3324、2.0292、1.8996和1.7820。12个省份间粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性系数范围为0.321～0.914,平均0.686。东北三省、宁夏、云南等纬度相近或生态气候环境相似的省份间粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性较高,而贵州、江苏与其它省份间纬度或生态气候差异较大,其粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性较低。【结论】RM320、RM531、RM1、RM286和RM336等标记适合利用于粳稻选育品种的遗传多样性检测。不同省份间粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性与其亲本的遗传基础有密切相关的同时,与品种选育时所处的纬度和生态气候环境也有一定的相关性。

Analysis of Genetic Similarity of Improved Japonica Rice Varieties from Different Provinces in China

【Objective】 The genetic similarity and genetic difference among improved japonica rice varieties from different provinces of China were analyzed. The aim is to provide genetic basis for the breeding of japonica rice varieties. 【Method】 The genetic similarity and cluster of 139 accessions of improved japonica rice variety from 12 provinces of China were analyzed using 34 SSR markers. 【Result】 Totally 198 alleles were detected among these improved japonica rice varieties with the average number of alleles per pair of primers was 5.3235. RM320, RM531, RM1, RM286 and RM336 showed more alleles, which were 15, 12, 11, 9 and 9, respectively. RM320, RM336, RM286 and RM531 showed higher genetic diversity indexes, which were 2.3324, 2.0292, 1.8996 and 1.7820, respectively. The range of genetic similar index among improved japonica rice varieties from different provinces was from 0.321 to 0.914, with the average of 0.686. There is a high genetic similarity among improved japonica rice varieties from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, and Yunnan, which were located in similar latitude or similar ecological environment, while there is a low genetic similarity between improved japonica rice germplasm from Guizhou and Jiangsu, and those of other provinces, which located in more different latitudes and ecological environments. 【Conclusion】 The marker of RM320, RM531, RM1, RM286, and RM336 fit to be used in analysis of genetic diversity for improved japonica rice variety. The genetic similarity among improved japonica rice varieties from different provinces was closely associated with genetic basis of parents, and was also correlated with latitude and ecological environment where the varieties were bred.