铜烟灰矿物学基因特性研究及选择性浸出工艺

通过MLA工艺矿物学自动检测技术、X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射等现代测试技术,对铜烟灰进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,结果表明,铜烟灰主要成分为铜铅锌铁砷硫酸盐,其中砷主要以硫酸盐和氧化物形式存在,具有良好的浸出特性。研究了液固比、酸度、反应温度、反应时间对砷浸出的影响,结果表明,液固比、酸度是影响砷浸出的重要因素; 在液固比10∶1、酸度100 g/L、反应时间30 min、反应温度60 ℃条件下,砷浸出率达到95%以上。铜烟灰中砷的选择性脱除实现了铜冶炼过程中砷的开路,为主体有价金属(铜、铅、铋等)的协同冶炼创造了良好条件。

Mineralogical and Genetical Properties of Copper Smelting Dust and Its Selective Leaching Process

The process mineralogy of typical copper smelting dust was systematically analyzed by using MLA, XRF, XRD and other modern testing technologies. Results show that sulphates of copper, lead, zinc, iron and arsenic are the predominant components in the copper smelting dust, in which arsenic exists mainly in the form of sulphates and oxides, presenting good leaching properties. The effects of liquid-solid ratio, acidity, reaction temperature and reaction time on arsenic leaching were studied. It is found that the liquid-solid ratio and the sulfuric acid concentration play an important role in leaching process. The arsenic leaching rate could exceed 95% after the leaching process runs at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 min, with the liquid-solid ratio of 10∶1 and acidity of 100 g/L. The selective removal of arsenic from copper smelting dust in the wet process system leads to an open circuit of arsenic in copper smelting process, which can provide favorable conditions for the coordinated smelting of the main valuable metals (copper, lead and bismuth).