杯芳烃基嵌段聚醚的合成及界面性质

以对叔丁基苯酚杯4]芳烃、杯6]芳烃、杯8]芳烃、线型酚醛树脂作起始剂，分别与环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷加成，合成了3个系列杯芳烃聚醚类和1个系列线型聚醚类非离子表面活性剂，研究了它们在3种沥青质模型油／去离子水体系的界面活性，考察了其结构与界面活性的关系。在3种沥青质模型油／水体系中，各类聚醚都能替换一部分沥青质而吸附在界面上，有效地降低了油-水界面张力，并在一定浓度时达到饱和吸附，表现出各自的特点和规律。杯芳烃聚醚较线型聚醚的界面活性高，更易吸附在油一水界面，其中又以杯8]芳烃聚醚的界面活性最高，降低界面张力的能力最强。

SYNTHESIS AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF p-tert-BUTYL CALIXARENE BLOCK POLYETHER

Four series of polyoxyalkylated p-tert-butylphenol-formaldehyde resins were synthesized by the reaction of linear oligomer, calix 4 ] arene, calix 6 ] arene, calix 8 ] arene with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide sequentially. The interfacial activity in three kinds of asphaltene model oil/water systems were studied. And the relationship between molecular structure and interfacial activity was also investigated. For three asphaltene model oil/water systems,all the polyethers substituted a portion of asphaltene and adsorbed on the interface, which effectively reduced the interfacial tension. At the certain concentration of polyethers the saturated adsorption of them on interface occured. Polyethers synthesized by using calixarenes as the starting material showed higher interfical activity than that synthesized by using linear oligomers as the starting material, and adsorbed on the interface more easily. Among the polyethers, the calix8] presented the highest interface activity and the highest ability of reducing interface tension.