地学e-Science发展的回顾与展望

自 e-Science 提出之后的近 20 年间，地学 e-Science 在计算、网络和存储等信息技术的推动下，业已形成了基于数据、模型、计算、可视化分析和协同工作的地学研究框架，已经成为推动地学研究方法变革的驱动器。本文梳理和归纳了地学 e-Science 的发展过程和一些典型应用，总结了地学e-Science 的发展趋势，提出了简化的基于 3M 平台（Monitoring（监测平台）、Modeling（模型平台）、Manipulating（操作平台））的地学 e-Science 架构。从地学 e-Science 发展趋势上看，建立基于数据产生、采集、传输、管理的联合观测系统，形成完善的监测平台是地学 e-Science 的基础。建立数据分析、制备、同化和模型构建、集成与模拟的模型平台是地学 e-Science 的核心。建立基于高性能计算、可视化分析和协同工作环境的操作平台是地学 e-Science 研究的基本环境。

Review and Prospects of e-Geoscience

With the progress of information technology, e-Geoscience has become a framework for Geoscience research based on data, models, high performance computing, visualization and collaborative work environment in about 20 years since e-Science proposed, and it is driving force of the revolution of the geoscience research. This paper reviewed the evolution and some typical applications of e-Geoscience, summarized the trends of its development, and proposed a simplified e-Geoscience framework based on 3M platform (i.e. the Monitoring platform, the Modeling platform and the Manipulating platform). It is the base of e-Geoscience to build the joint observation system and the perfect monitoring platform for data collection, transmission, and management, the core of e-Geoscience is the modeling platform which performs data analysis, preparation, assimilation, and model construction, integration, simulation. The manipulating platform based on high-performance computing, visualization analysis and collaborative work is the fundamental research environment for e-Geoscience.