Interfacial energy determination of nano-scale precipitates by CALPHAD description of Gibbs–Thomson effect

A theory based on calculation of phase diagrams in the binary systems was developed that describes Gibbs–Thomson effect. In this model effect of both interfacial energy and interface confinement (Laplace–Young pressure) are included in energy shift of alloys and phases. By using the CALPHAD model, interfacial energy of Cu₄Ti precipitates in Cu–Ti system was obtained which shows better consistency with experimental results of Gibbs–Thomson effect of 10–20 nm radius precipitates.