大学生新冠肺炎疫情在线学习期间心理健康及影响因素分析

  目的  了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19)疫情下大学生在线学习期间的心理健康水平并分析其影响因素，为高校大学生心理健康教育提供科学依据。  方法  于2020年6—7月，采用整群抽样的方法选取安徽皖南地区医学与非医学高校各1所，对其中3 781名医学与非医学大学生进行抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)的网络问卷调查。  结果  医学院校大学生抑郁症状、焦虑症状和压力情绪检出率(30.03%，31.05%，14.50%)均低于非医学院校大学生(44.49%，46.22%，24.81%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为81.49，88.26，63.08，P值均 < 0.05)。2所院校大学生线上学习期间抑郁症状和焦虑症状以中度为主(18.43%，20.68%)，压力以轻度(9.41%)和中度(5.29%)为主。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，非医学生、父母关系差、与父亲关系差、教师课前准备不充分、对线上教学不满意的大学生容易出现抑郁症状(OR值分别为1.84，1.28，1.63，1.75，1.24)、焦虑症状(OR值分别为1.79，1.22，1.65，1.77，1.19)和压力负性情绪(OR值分别为2.09，1.41，1.58，1.29，1.48)；女生相比较男生更不容易出现抑郁症状(OR=0.82)和焦虑症状(OR=0.74)；居住地在农村的大学生更容易出现焦虑症状(OR=1.27)；高年级学生更容易感到压力的存在(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  在线学习期间大学生抑郁症状、焦虑症状与压力负性情绪检出率较高。家庭和学校应及时关注大学生线上学习期间的心理健康，并针对不同特征学生提供针对性的心理咨询。

Analysis of mental health and influencing factors of college students in the online learning period during the outbreak of COVID-19

  Objective  To investigate the mental health and influencing factors of college students during online learning under the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, and to provide a scientific basis for mental health education.  Methods  From June to July 2020, a cluster sampling method was used to select one medical and non-medical colleges and universities in southern Anhui Province. Among them, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey among 3 781 medical and non-medical college students.  Results  The reporting rates of depression, anxiety and stress among medical college students (30.03%, 31.05% and 14.50%, respectively) were lower than those of non-medical college students(44.49%, 46.22%, 24.81%)(χ2=81.49, 88.26, 63.08, P < 0.05). During the online learning period of college students, the depression and anxiety were mainly moderate(18.43%, 20.68%), and the stress was mainly mild and moderate(9.41%, 5.29%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that non-medical students, poor parent relationships, poor relationships with fathers, teachers' inadequate preparation before class, and dissatisfaction with online teaching results were prone to depression(OR=1.84, 1.28, 1.63, 1.75, 1.24), anxiety (OR=1.79, 1.22, 1.65, 1.77, 1.19) and stress(OR=2.09, 1.41, 1.58, 1.29, 1.48)(P < 0.05). Girls were less prone to depression (OR=0.82) and anxiety(OR=0.74); College students who live in rural areas were more likely to have anxiety symptoms(OR=1.27); Senior students were more likely to feel stress(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The detection rate of depression, anxiety and stress negative emotion in college students was higher during online study. Families and schools should pay attention to the mental health of college students during online learning, and provide targeted psychological counseling for different students.