2012年山东三市主栽小麦品种品质性状分析

从临沂、菏泽、青岛市所属的9个县区27个乡镇81个农户中抽取田间主栽小麦品种样品81份,并对其品种构成和品质性状进行分析。结果表明:81份田间小麦样品分属19个小麦品种,数量居前五位的依次是济麦22、矮抗58、临麦4号、烟农24、烟农19,均属于中强筋类型;以容重标准判断,有61.7%的小麦样品达到国家1级标准;以容重、降落数值、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间5个指标判断,有16.0%的小麦样品达到国家优质小麦二等强筋标准;菏泽小麦样品的千粒重、容重、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量显著高于临沂和青岛,青岛小麦样品的面筋指数、面团稳定时间、面团拉伸能量、拉伸阻力和最大拉伸阻力显著高于临沂和菏泽。三市的小麦总体上属于硬质、高蛋白质、中强筋类型,但在不同区域之间仍存在较大差异,建议今后进一步加大主推品种和良种补贴的实施力度,以全面提高山东省小麦质量水平。

Analysis of Quality Properties of Main Wheat Cultivars from Three Cities of Shandong Province in 2012

Eighty-one wheat samples were obtained from 81 peasant households of 27 towns,9 counties in Linyi,Heze and Qingdao cities in Shandong Province,and then their compositions and quality properties were determined and analyzed.The results showed that there were 19 varieties involved in the collected 81 wheat samples,and the first five in quantity were Jimai 22,Aikang 58,Linmai 4,Yannong 24 and Yannong 19,which belonged to middle-strong gluten type.Based on the unit weight,61.7% of wheat samples could satisfy the first level of national wheat standard.According to unit weight,falling number,grain protein content,wet gluten content and dough stability time overall,16.0% of wheat samples could correspond to the second level of national strong gluten wheat standard.The thousand kernel weight,unit weight,grain protein content and wet gluten content of wheat samples from Heze were significantly higher than those from Linyi and Qingdao.The gluten index,dough stability time,tensile energy,tensile resistance and the maximum tensile resistance of wheat samples from Qingdao were significantly higher than those from Linyi and Heze.The general type of wheat in the three cities of Shandong Province was hard,high protein content and middle-strong gluten,but there were obvious differences between different areas.The policies of subsidies for popular and superior wheat varieties should be implemented further to improve the quality level of wheat overall Shandong Province.