胸锁乳突肌单蒂肌皮瓣修复颌面部软组织缺陷畸形的初步报告

目的探讨胸锁乳突肌胸骨头单蒂肌皮瓣修复颌面部软组织缺损畸形的方法及效果。方法2004年5月-2006年9月,应用胸锁乳突肌胸骨头单蒂肌皮瓣修复颌面部软组织瘢痕及缺损5例,均为男性,年龄23-34岁。分别为胎儿时母亲宫腔内注射药物、婴幼儿期面颊部感染、电击伤后遗留瘢痕或凹陷畸形。需要修复范围为5cm×3cm-9cm×6cm。结果术后5例移位胸骨头肌皮瓣均成活,但因静脉回流障碍均发生小面积的表皮坏死,2-3周自行愈合,皮瓣周围有少许瘢痕形成。1例术后患侧发生肩部上抬无力,6个月后基本恢复。术后均获随访1-6个月,修复后的颌面1例蒂部略显臃肿;1例瘢痕明显,但患者满意;余3例外观满意。结论胸锁乳突肌胸骨头单蒂肌皮瓣较全胸锁乳突肌皮瓣设计更灵活,且能提供足够的组织量,是修复颌面部皮肤软组织缺损的一种理想材料。

RECONSTRUCTION OF SOFT TISSUE DEFECTS IN MAXILLOFACIAL REGION USING STERNAL HEAD OF STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preliminary etfect of using the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap to reconstuct a defect in the maxillofacial region. METHODS: From May 2004 to September 2006, 5 male patients aged 23-34 underwent the reconstruction for the defect in the maxillofacial region by using the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap. Their defects were caused by an infection of the face, an injection of medicine in the mother's uterus or a scar or depressed abnormality left by an electric injury. The defects ranged in size from 5 cm x 3 cm to 9 cm x 6 cm. RESULTS: All the 5 sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flaps survived, with a little necrosis of the epidermis because of the venous return disturbance, but 2-3 weeks after operation the necrosis healed spontaneously with just a little scar formation around the flap. One patient had weakness in the left shoulder after operation, which almost recovered 6 months after operation. The postoperative follow-up for 1-6 months revealed that 1 patient had a little fat and clumsy appearance in the flap pedicle, 1 patient had an obvious scar at the operation site, but the 2 patients still felt satisfaction. The other 3 patients were satisfied with their good appearance at the operation sites. CONCLUSION: The sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap can be designed with more flexibility compared with the entire sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap. It can provide an enough tissue mass for restoring the defect. The sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap is an ideal tissue flap for restoring defects in the maxillofacial region.