油气井低密度钻井废液的无害化处理技术研究

在回顾油气田钻井废液的形成、污染、处理状况的基础上，探索了油气田低密度钻井废液的处理工艺、处理剂配方。研究表明，通过减量-化学混凝法处理钻井废液，既可以降低处理难度，又可以降低处理成本。所筛选出的PJJ破胶剂、HNJ-1混凝剂及ASNG、HNZJ-1助剂对低密度钻井废液进行处理效果好。其COD去除率达到99.67%，把COD为18000 mg/L的原始钻井废液处理后其COD值为58. 8 mg/L，处理水质指标达到GB8978-96的一级排放标准。从研究的工艺过程可以看出，利用减量-化学混凝技术对油气井低密度钻井废液进行无害化处理，工艺简单，切实可行，能够实现零排放的要求，可以在一定程度上解决油气井钻废液对环境的污染问题。

Study on How to Treat Low-density Drilling Fluid Wastes to Be Harmless

This paper introduces the origin, the contamination, and the treatment of oil field drilling fluid wastes, probing into the treatment processes and additive formulations for the low-density drilling fluid wastes. The study results show that the low-dose-chemical coagulation method for drilling fluid wastes treatment can not only lower the treatment difficulty but also lower the treatment cost. PJJ, HNJ-1, ASNG,and HNZJ-1 disposal agents, having better effects on drilling fluid wastes treatment, can reduce COD from 18000 mg/L to 58.8 mg/L, removing the COD by 99.67%; while the disposed water quality will reach the Level-1 discharge standard of GB8978-96. The technical procedures of low-dose-chemical coagulation treatment method are simple and practical, can realize zero-discharge requirement, and can also solve, to some extent, the environment pollution problem caused by oil field drilling fluid wastes.