核事故大气扩散的多风扇风洞设计及实验验证

在核电厂发生严重事故时，需用大气扩散模型对核事故后果进行环境评价，而模型的准确性可通过风洞实验进行验证。为了提高风洞实验验证的准确性，克服被动风洞对边界层模拟的适应性差、调节复杂等缺点，本文将结构抗风中的多风扇技术引入到核事故大气扩散模拟研究中。通过设计10（行）×8（列）多风扇风洞，搭建了带风速反馈的风机阵列主动控制系统，对D类稳定度下边界层风速廓线特性进行了风洞模拟。本文实现了石岛湾核电厂址的风速廓线的快速模拟，且模拟精度较高，验证了多风扇风洞技术对大气边界层模拟的可靠性，为核电厂址大气扩散风洞实验提供了新的实验方法。

Design and Experimental Research of Multi-fan Wind Tunnel for Atmospheric Diffusion in Nuclear Accident

In the event of a serious accident in the nuclear power plant, the atmospheric diffusion model is needed to evaluate the environmental consequences of nuclear accidents, and the accuracy of the model can be verified by wind tunnel experiment. In order to improve the accuracy of the verification for the wind tunnel experiment, the multi-fan technology in the structural wind resistance, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional passive wind tunnel such as the poor adaptability to the boundary layer simulation and the complicated regulation, was put into the simulation of the atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear accident. Through the design of 10 (row)×8 (column) multi-fan wind tunnel and the build of an active control system with wind speed feedback for fan array, the simulation of wind speed profile of boundary layer at class D stability was carried out by this multi-fan wind tunnel. The rapid simulation of the wind speed profile of the Shidaowan Nuclear Power Plant site was realized in this paper, and the simulation precision is relatively high. The reliability of the simulation for the atmospheric boundary layer is verified with the multi-fan wind tunnel technology, which provides a new empirical method for the experiment of atmospheric diffusion wind tunnel.