中国南中国海海岸湿地退化现状和保护对策

南中国海湿地包括广东省、香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区、广西壮族自治区和海南省等五个行政区,总面积为15 393.75 km2。由于受人口增加和经济发展的巨大压力,中国南中国海湿地破坏严重,退化趋势明显。本文在对中国南中国海地区海岸湿地的现状、类型及湿地退化的主要原因进行分析的基础上,提出中国南中国海地区海岸湿地资源保护与管理的建议,以便切实保护中国南中国海沿海多样化的湿地类型,持续发挥其生态服务功能。

Degradation and conservation countermeasures of coastal wet and along the South China Sea in China

The South China Sea area is one of the richest biodiversity among the ecosystems in China,also the densely populated and developed area.It includes Guangdong Province,Hong Kong, Macau,Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region and Hainan Province,and the total area is 15 393.75 km~2.The coastal wetlands lie in the sea-land ecotone which is a vulnerable and sensitive ecological area.Chinese coastal areas of the South China Sea have been impaired and degraded seriously due to the mighty pressure of population growth and economic development.On this paper,based on the analysis of the coastal wetland area,the characteristics,present state of the wetland recourses and the main causes of the wetland degradation,some countermeasures on the wetland conservation and management are proposed for protecting the biodiversity in the wetland and sustained development and eco-service functions.