中国环境基准理论与方法学研究进展及主要科学问题

环境基准是指环境介质中的环境要素对特定保护对象不产生不良或有害效应的最大限值,是环境标准制修订的科学依据。环境基准理论与方法学一直是国际环境科学和环境保护科学研究领域的前沿,也是国家环境管理的重大科技需求。本文在总结国际和我国环境基准研究成果的基础上,较为系统地阐述了环境基准的基本概况、理论方法学及重要进展。同时,结合学科特点和环境基准科技需求,综合分析了与环境基准理论方法学密切相关的系列关键科学问题。

Research Progress and Main Scientific Problems of Theory and Methodology of China's Environmental Quality Criteria

Environmental quality criteria are the threshold limits for pollutants or other hazard factors to certain receptors in the ambient environment, which are scientific basis to formulate and revise environmental quality standards. The theory and methodology of environmental quality criteria has been the international frontier in the field of environmental science and environmental protection science. It is also the great science and technology demand of national environmental management. Based on the research results of international and China's environmental quality criteria, the general situation, theory, methodology and important progress of environmental quality criteria were systematically expounded in this paper. At the same time, combining with the characteristics of disciplines and science and technology demand of environmental quality criteria, a series of key scientific problems that are closely related to the theory and methodology of environmental quality criteria were comprehensively analyzed.