北京市孕产妇贫血患病率分析

目的:掌握北京市孕产妇贫血患病率及其相关影响因素。方法:对孕中期、孕晚期和产后3~7天的妇女采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,调查了10所分娩医院的2654名孕产妇,每例研究对象填写调查问卷、进行血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)等指标的检测,对晚期妊娠组血红蛋白检测结果<110g/L的研究对象,抽取空腹肘静脉血,测定血清铁蛋白。贫血诊断标准:血色素检测结果<110g/L诊断贫血;血色素检测结果<110g/L且血清铁蛋白<11.0ng/ml,诊断为缺铁性贫血。结果:孕期总贫血患病率为19.5%,其中轻度贫血占97.4%,中度贫血患病率仅为0.5%,无重度贫血。孕中期与孕晚期患病率分别为17.7%和21.3%。产后总贫血患病率为40.7%,其中中度贫血患病率为6.5%,重度患病率为0.6%。孕晚期缺铁性贫血患病率为11.5%,缺铁性贫血占孕晚期贫血的71.3%。有6项因素在中度贫血组与非贫血组间比较有显著性差异:户籍状态(城市或农村)、文化水平(高中以上和初中以下)、孕期血色素检测次数(0次与≥3次)、孕期医生是否进行营养指导、每天牛奶摄入量是否≥250ml,每周是否吃鱼虾类产品等。结论:加强产科门诊医师孕期营养与饮食指导方面的知识技能培训,使每位怀孕的妇女都能得到正确的饮食营养指导;应从孕中期开始常规补充多种维生素。

Analysis on the morbidity rate of pregnant woman anemia in Beijing

Objective:To obtain the morbidity rate of anemia during pregnancy and postpartum period in Beijing.Methods:The studying objects were divided into 3 groups :the pregnancy metaphase , the pregnancy afternoon and the post partum 3~7 days..A questionnaire was filled out through interview, and a blood test for Hemoglobin concentration (Hb),red blood cells count (RBC), MCV and RDW were taken for all studying objects. When Hb<110 g/L at the pregnancy afternoon was found, the blood test for serum iron (SI) was taken.During pregnancy, anemia was defined as hemoglobin level<110 g/L,Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as having both hemoglobin level<110 g/L and SI<11.0 ng/ml. Results:The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was 19.5%,Among them 97.4% were light anemia (89 g/L>Hb<110 g/L),hemoglobin level<90 g/L and>69 g/L was only 0.5%, severe anemia cases (Hb<70 g/L) were no found in pregnancy groups.The morbidity rate of anemia in post partum 3~7 days was 40.7%.In this group, the hemoglobin level<90 g/L and >69 g/L was 6.5% ,severe anemia was 0.6%.The prevalence of Iron-deficiency anemia during the last trimester of pregnancy was 11.5%,which was 71.3% of the total anemia cases.The analysis of relevant factors showed that there were significant differences between no-anemia group and the group of hemoglobin level<90 g/L and>69 g/L on 6 aspects, which were education level, household register, frequency of taking blood test for hemoglobin level during pregnancy, nutrition advice obtained, and the amount of milk ingestion in everyday.Conclusion:The nutrition advice to the pregnant women at prenatal care examination should be strengthened. Multi-vitamin should be supplied from the second trimester of pregnancy.