社区主导型农业推广体系的建立和运行机制

通过分析我国农业发展进程中农户对农业技术需求阶段性和层次性的变化以及我国农业推广资源分配的途径,表明现行推广体系的运行与市场经济的发展不相适应,在满足农户不断增加的技术需求以及针对不同农户的技术需求特点上,政府主导的农业推广体系的效率不断下降。为此,提出建立以社区为主导的农业推广体系,即将政府推广资源分配给农村社区,形成由社区拥有和控制推广资源使用的机制,社区自主确立农业推广项目和活动,并按照市场机制,聘用推广人员为其提供有偿的技术服务,以促进农业技术市场的发育和加快农业产业化的进程。

On Establishment and Its Operational Mechanism of Community-driven Agricultural Extension System

In the process of agricultural development in China,farmer's needs on agricultural technology have been varied in terms of technical varieties and qualities,which rely more on allocation approaches of extension resources.The operation of current extension system is not suited to the requirements of marketing economics.The efficiency of government dominated extension system is declined to satisfy farmers' increasing and diversified needs on agricultural technology.Therefore,a community-driven agricultural extension system is recommended,in which rural community could get governmental extension resources,and have ownership and fully control the use of these resources.Under this mechanism,community could independently decide their own agricultural extension projects and activities and hire governmental extensionists to provide pay-based extension services per marketing mechanism.This setting is meaningful for the development of agricultural technical markets and speeding up the process of agricultural industrialization.