智能数字聚合酶链式反应系统的开发与应用验证

数字聚合酶链式反应(digital polymerase chain reaction，dPCR)技术可以针对低浓度的目标核酸分子实现精确的绝对定量检测，在各类疾病的检测与治疗方面有着极大应用价值. 针对目前商业数字PCR仪造价昂贵、体积庞大等缺点，基于智能手机与微流控芯片，设计开发了一种低成本、高集成的智能数字PCR设备. 介绍了硬件系统的制作以及整机的整合搭建过程. 采用PID算法，结合温控电路与半导体制冷片等硬件，进行了PCR温度循环的精准控制. 最后，采用自适应阈值分割法对采集到的荧光图像进行了处理，并依据泊松分布的规律对统计结果进行了校正，完成了对PCR反应后采集到荧光图像的结果分析与检测.

Development of Digital Intelligent Polymerase Chain Reaction System and Its Application

Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) technology can provide absolute quantitative detection for the target nucleic acid molecules of low concentration, which has great value of application in detecting and curing various kinds of disease. A low-cost and highly integrated digital PCR device based on smartphone and microfluidic chip has been developed aiming at reducing the cost and the redundant volume of currently reported commercial dPCR instruments. The fabrication process of the hardware system was presented. With the help of temperature control circuit and the thermoelectric cooler, the PCR temperature cycle was precisely controlled by the PID controller. The fluorescence image was processed through the adaptive threshold segmentation method, and the result was calibrated by the rule of Poisson distribution, thus the analysis and detection of the result PCR fluorescence image was accomplished.