水华束丝藻与铜绿微囊藻净化水体氮磷及其脂质积累过程比较

选取水华束丝藻与铜绿微囊藻作为典型水华蓝藻,探索水华蓝藻净化水体及合成生物柴油的潜力.采用氮磷浓度为NH4+-N 7.5 mg/L,PO43--P 1.0 mg/L的模拟污水,重点考察了在光照强度与温度不同的条件下2种微藻对氮磷的去除率,并利用尼罗红荧光染色法测定了微藻中的中性脂含量.结果表明,2种藻对PO43--P的去除率均较高,最高达到98%,对NH4+-N的去除率稍低,最高为52%.水华束丝藻及铜绿微囊藻均具有较强积累中性脂的能力,适宜的温度与光照条件有利于微藻对氮磷的去除及细胞中脂类的积累.2种藻均在光照强度为12 000 lx时中性脂含量更高.水华束丝藻在温度为18~22℃条件下,生长更优,氮磷净化效果较好,中性脂积累能力更强.而铜绿微囊藻在温度为22~26℃时表现更好.

Comparison of nutrient removal from wastewater and lipid accumulation with Aphanizomenonflos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa

Two typical water-bloom microalgae, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa, were investigated for their potential of nutrient removal and biofuel production. The algae were cultured in artificial wastewater containing NH4+-N 7.5 mg/L and PO43--P 1.0 mg/L under different light intensity and temperatures. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed regularly during algal growth and neutral lipid contens in algae cells was also measured with nile red fluorescent method. It was found that both algae showed high removal rate of PO43--P, which could reach up to 98%. The removal rate of nitrogen was lower, which was less than 52%. Both of A. flos-aquae and M. aeruginosa showed high potential for neutral lipid accumulation. Adjustment of light intensity and temperature could promote the lipid accumulation in algae cells. 12 000 lx was the optimum light intensity for lipid accumulation. A. flos-aquae had higher growth rate and better lipid accumulation ability at 18~22℃. But M. aeruginosa adapted to higher temperatures (22~26℃).